What is Light? Biblical and Spiritual Characteristics

Posted on by Donna Snow

That meaning and characteristics of light are significant in the context of biblical history and theology. Scripture is clear that the power of God’s light expels darkness and all powers of evil. No darkness is equal to His great light. 

I am an avid gardener, so light is vital. But what are the biblical and spiritual characteristics of light?

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In the simplest terms, light results in removing darkness. Spiritually, light represents the contrast between God and evil forces, believers and unbelievers.

In the biblical context, every phase of light, from natural light in the natural world to the spiritual glory of the celestial, is found in Scripture. God “alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light, whom no one has ever seen or can see” (1 Timothy 6:16).

Creation of Light

After God created the heavens and the earth, His Spirit hovered over the darkness (Genesis 1:1-2). Afterward, the first thing that God did was to illuminate the heavens and the earth.

  • “And God said, ‘Let there be light,’ and there was light. And God saw that the light was good. And God separated the light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning, the first day (Genesis 1:3-5).

This first illumination of the heavens and earth did not come from the sun. Natural light comes later in Genesis 1:14-18, which you can explore below. Scripture does not tell you where this original light came from, other than God.

Plants were created on Day 3, but the sun does not show up until the 4th day of creation. How can plants exist and flourish without sunlight? Yet we have “light” on Day 1. 

Perhaps one of the reasons God waited until Day 4 to create the sun was to demonstrate that He alone creates light. He alone is light and life. The sun is just one of many instruments in His hands. 

You and I worship the Creator, not what He created. In the Old Testament, God warned the Israelites not to worship the sun like the pagans (Deuteronomy 4:19). As God’s children, we do not worship the sun but God who made the sun. 

Characteristics of Light

According to the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, light is “the symbol and synonym of all that is luminous and radiant in the mental, moral and spiritual life of men and angels.” That is a fancy way of stating that light matters in every realm of life.

Light is represented in many ways, and thus its characteristics to illuminate dark places vary greatly. 

  • Natural light can be observed through the sun, moon, stars, and solar systems.
  • Artificial light can be represented by ancient oil lamps, candles, fire, and modern electricity.
  • Miraculous light is seen through Moses’ burning bush (Exodus 3) and the pillar of fire by day that protected the Israelites after they left Egypt (Exodus 13:17-22), among others.

Light and life go together in the bible as the product of salvation (you will see that more below). For the most part, light is an attribute of holiness that shines forth the glory of God.

Natural Light

The sun first appears in Genesis with these well-known familiar words: 

  • “And God said, ‘Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night. And let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years, and let them be lights in the expanse of the heavens to give light upon the earth.’ And it was so. And God made the two great lights—the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night—and the stars. And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to give light on the earth, to rule over the day and over the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good” (Genesis 1:14-18).

All of nature’s bright lights (sun, moon, and stars) appear here in Genesis and elsewhere in Scripture:

  • “Yours is the day, yours also the night; you have established the heavenly lights and the sun” (Psalm 74:16).
  • “To Him who made the great lights, for His steadfast love endures forever” (Psalm 136:7). 
  • “…before the sun and the light and the moon and the stars are darkened and the clouds return after the rain” (Ecclesiastes 12:2).
  • “And night will be no more. They will need no light of lamp or sun, for the Lord God will be their light, and they will reign forever and ever” (Revelation 22:5).

How does natural light affect us?

The characteristics of natural light in your daily walk are beauty, radiance, and life-giving. For instance:

  • “The light of the eyes rejoices the heart” (Proverbs 15:30). 
  • “Light is sweet, and it is pleasant for the eyes to see the sun” (Ecclesiastes 11:7).
  • “If anyone walks in the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world. But if anyone walks in the night, he stumbles, because the light is not in him” (John 11:9-10).

Life, joy, activity, and every blessing are dependent upon light. If you live in parts of the world where gloomy, dark weather descends during the winter, you truly understand the life-giving, joy-inducing effects of the sun. 

Light is Good

The Hebrew word that portrays light is evocative. God’s initial creative process begins in Genesis where the eternal God spoke (Genesis 1:2) and light appeared without hesitation. 

Before the beginning of time, light was the initial step of God’s creative spirit. Spiritually, physically, and mentally, all men stumble in the absence of light. 

Light is not in and of itself divine. However, it is used metaphorically for life (Psalm 56:13), salvation (Isaiah 9:2), God’s commandments (Proverbs 6:23), and the divine presence of God (Exodus 10:23).

Without light, darkness and chaos run rampant over all the earth. The term for darkness is used for the wicked (Proverb 2:13), as judgment (Exodus 10:21), and death (Psalm 88:12). 

Darkness evokes all that is anti-God. Moral man loses the right path when a plague of darkness shrouds him from God’s healing light. Light is good because:

  • God is the Father of light who dispels darkness: “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change” (James 1:17).
  • God is light: “This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all” (1 John 1:5). 

The Light of Christ

The Apostle John wrote down in the New Testament these very words of Jesus: 

  • “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life” (John 8:12)
  • “As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world” (John 9:5).

Light is the revelation of God’s love in Jesus Christ. Christ’s love and light penetrate every life darkened by sin. That’s all of us.

“This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all. If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin” (1 John 1:5-7).

Jesus is the incarnate Word of God, who has come as the light for all people (John 1:4-14). The light of Christ residing in us through the power of the Holy Spirit enables you to shine His true light into the darkest circumstances.

God is Light

Since light represents goodness in opposition to the evil associated with darkness, it is a natural step for the biblical authors to understand God, the ultimate good, as light. 

Your spiritual light and life can only come from God: “For with You is the fountain of life; in Your light do we see light” (Psalm 36:9).

Light symbolizes our holy God’s loving presence, comforting protection, and incredible favor:

  • “The Lord is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? The Lord is the stronghold of my life; of whom shall I be afraid?” (Psalm 27:1)
  • “The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light; those who dwelt in a land of deep darkness, on them has light shone” (Isaiah 9:2).
  • “For God, who said, ‘Let light shine out of darkness,’ has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ” (2 Corinthians 4:6).

Psalm 27:1 does not mince words: “Yahweh (Adonai) is my light and my salvation.” God’s presence is your source of light despite any darkness around you.

Light of Salvation

Why is Christ referred to as the light of the world? He answers that question directly: “I have come into the world as light, so that whoever believes in me may not remain in darkness” (John 12:46).

As a young adult, I experienced life without the light of Christ. I will never forget the hopelessness and darkness of life without His love and light. (See my story here.)

When I received God’s gift of faith and believed that Christ died for me, it was an incomparable JOY!

His Light Penetrates Darkness

God’s perfect love and light can penetrate and redeem even the darkest heart. Christ’s life and light shine forth the good news of eternal life for all who believe in Him.

Everyone who responds by faith to God’s light is ushered into a life in which darkness is dispelled. Specifically, salvation brings light to those in darkness:

  • “The people dwelling in darkness have seen a great light, and for those dwelling in the region and shadow of death, on them a light has dawned” (Matthew 4:16).
  • “In Him was life, and the life was the light of men. The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it” (John 1:4-5).
  • “You will succeed in whatever you choose to do, and light will shine on the road ahead of you” (Job 22:28).

We are Sons and Daughters of Light

When you believe that the Lord Jesus Christ is our Savior, you are grafted into His eternal family by faith: 

  • “While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may become sons of light” (John 12:36).
  • “For at one time you were darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light (for the fruit of light is found in all that is good and right and true)” (Ephesians 5:8-9).
  • “ For you are all children of light, children of the day. We are not of the night or the darkness” (1 Thessalonians 5:5).

Living as Children of Light

So, how are His children supposed to live with His light in us? How does living as a child of God look different from the rest of the world?

Paul intentionally contrasts the old life in darkness with new life in the light in Christ Jesus: 

“So I tell you this, and insist on it in the Lord, that you must no longer live as the Gentiles do, in the futility of their thinking. They are darkened in their understanding and separated from the life of God…You were taught, with regard to your former way of life, to put off your old self, which is being corrupted by its deceitful desires; to be made new in the attitude of your minds; and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness” (Ephesians 4:17-18, 23-24).

What does that life look like?

Simply put, a believer’s words, thoughts, and actions are characterized by light: 

  • “But whoever does what is true comes to the light, so that it may be clearly seen that his works have been carried out in God” (John 3:21).
  • “For at one time you were darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light” (Ephesians 5:8). 
  • “Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership has righteousness with lawlessness? Or what fellowship has light with darkness?” (2 Corinthians 6:14).
  • “He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins” (Colossians 1:12-14).
  • “But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light” (1 Peter 2:9).

Many bible verses in God’s Word refer to good deeds and good works as telltale marks of the children of God. People see the goodness of the Lord through the spiritual life of men and women. 

Experiencing sunset in the Holy Land

You stand out, not blend in

As a child of the light, your old life stands in stark contrast with the new. As you rely on His strength each day, His light exposes and expels darkness.

The revealed will of God provides light to a believer’s heart, soul, and mind which results in holy guidance in a dark world (Psalm 19:7-10; Psalm 119:105; Psalm 119:130). 

Armor of Light

Satan can disguise himself as an “angel of light”. Do not be fooled. Satan does not have the light of God. The devil’s goal is your complete and utter destruction.

“For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places. Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand firm” (Ephesians 6:12-13).

However, God has given you His armor as the ultimate defense against Satan’s attacks: “Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the schemes of the devil” (Ephesians 6:11).

Pieces of God’s Armor

I wrote an entire eight-week Bible study on the armor of God (Ephesians 6:10-20) because the thought of an invisible enemy attacking me 24/7 used to be flat-out scary. Here is what God has given you:

  • Belt of truth
  • Breastplate of righteousness
  • Shoes of the Gospel of peace
  • Shield of faith (to extinguish the enemy’s fiery darts)
  • Helmet of salvation
  • Sword of the Spirit (the Word of God)

God’s armor is not meant to hang useless in your spiritual closet. The enemy is powerful, so you wear God’s armor because you are God’s soldier. His divine light and protection covers you from head to toe.

God is light, who dispels the darkness of this world. Jesus came as the light of the world, breaking through the darkness of sin by His work on the cross. 

The first word of God is about light. The love of God is a shining light into a dark world. And a child of the light, you have the privilege of carrying His divine torch.

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About the Author
Donna is a sought-after author, speaker, and Bible teacher. Her path from being unchurched to becoming passionate about sharing Jesus was not easy. Read her God-breathed journey: “From Unchurched to Becoming a Multi-Published Author and Sought-After Speaker.” If you want to send Donna a quick message, then visit her here.

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